Amended and updated notes on section 144C of Income Tax Act 1961 as amended by the Finance Act 2022 and Income-tax Rules, 1962. Detail discussion on provisions and rules related to reference to dispute resolution panel.
Chapter XIV (Sections 139 to 158) of the Income Tax Act 1961 deals with the provisions related to procedure for assessment. Section 144C of IT Act 1961 provides for reference to dispute resolution panel.
Recently, we have discussed in detail section 144BA (Reference to Principal Commissioner or Commissioner in certain cases) of IT Act 1961-2022.
Today, we learn the provisions of section 144C of Income-tax Act 1961 as amended by the Finance Act 2022. The amended provision of section 144C is effective for financial year 2022-23 relevant to the assessment year 2023-24.
In this article, you will learn detail of the provisions of section 144C of the Income Tax Act, 1961 Bare Act read with the Income-tax Rules, 1962 as provided by Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India.
Section-144C: Reference to dispute resolution panel
Section 144C (1):
The Assessing Officer shall, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act, in the first instance, forward a draft of the proposed order of assessment (hereafter in this section referred to as the draft order) to the eligible assessee if he proposes to make, on or after the 1st day of October, 2009, any variation which is prejudicial to the interest of such assessee.
Section 144C (2):
On receipt of the draft order, the eligible assessee shall, within thirty days of the receipt by him of the draft order,—
(a) file his acceptance of the variations to the Assessing Officer; or
(b) file his objections, if any, to such variation with,—
- (i) the Dispute Resolution Panel; and
- (ii) the Assessing Officer.
Section 144C (3):
The Assessing Officer shall complete the assessment on the basis of the draft order, if—
- (a) the assessee intimates to the Assessing Officer the acceptance of the variation; or
- (b) no objections are received within the period specified in sub-section (2).
Section 144C (4):
The Assessing Officer shall, notwithstanding anything contained in section 153 or section 153B, pass the assessment order under sub-section (3) within one month from the end of the month in which,—
- (a) the acceptance is received; or
- (b) the period of filing of objections under sub-section (2) expires.
Section 144C (5):
The Dispute Resolution Panel shall, in a case where any objection is received under sub-section (2), issue such directions, as it thinks fit, for the guidance of the Assessing Officer to enable him to complete the assessment.
Section 144C (6):
The Dispute Resolution Panel shall issue the directions referred to in sub-section (5), after considering the following, namely:—
- (a) draft order;
- (b) objections filed by the assessee;
- (c) evidence furnished by the assessee;
- (d) report, if any, of the Assessing Officer, Valuation Officer or Transfer Pricing Officer or any other authority;
- (e) records relating to the draft order;
- (f) evidence collected by, or caused to be collected by, it; and
- (g) result of any enquiry made by, or caused to be made by, it.
Section 144C (7):
The Dispute Resolution Panel may, before issuing any directions referred to in sub-section (5),—
- (a) make such further enquiry, as it thinks fit; or
- (b) cause any further enquiry to be made by any income-tax authority and report the result of the same to it.
Section 144C (8):
The Dispute Resolution Panel may confirm, reduce or enhance the variations proposed in the draft order so, however, that it shall not set aside any proposed variation or issue any direction under sub-section (5) for further enquiry and passing of the assessment order.
Explanation: For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that the power of the Dispute Resolution Panel to enhance the variation shall include and shall be deemed always to have included the power to consider any matter arising out of the assessment proceedings relating to the draft order, notwithstanding that such matter was raised or not by the eligible assessee.
Section 144C (9):
If the members of the Dispute Resolution Panel differ in opinion on any point, the point shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority of the members.
Section 144C (10):
Every direction issued by the Dispute Resolution Panel shall be binding on the Assessing Officer.
Section 144C (11):
No direction under sub-section (5) shall be issued unless an opportunity of being heard is given to the assessee and the Assessing Officer on such directions which are prejudicial to the interest of the assessee or the interest of the revenue, respectively.
Section 144C (12):
No direction under sub-section (5) shall be issued after nine months from the end of the month in which the draft order is forwarded to the eligible assessee.
Section 144C (13):
Upon receipt of the directions issued under sub-section (5), the Assessing Officer shall, in conformity with the directions, complete, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in section 153 or section 153B, the assessment without providing any further opportunity of being heard to the assessee, within one month from the end of the month in which such direction is received.
Section 144C (14):
The Board may make rules for the purposes of the efficient functioning of the Dispute Resolution Panel and expeditious disposal of the objections filed under sub-section (2) by the eligible assessee.
Section 144C (14A):
The provisions of this section shall not apply to any assessment or reassessment order passed by the Assessing Officer with the prior approval of the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner as provided in sub-section (12) of section 144BA.
Section 144C (14B):
The Central Government may make a scheme, by notification in the Official Gazette, for the purposes of issuance of directions by the dispute resolution panel, so as to impart greater efficiency, transparency and accountability by—
- (a) eliminating the interface between the dispute resolution panel and the eligible assessee or any other person to the extent technologically feasible;
- (b) optimising utilisation of the resources through economies of scale and functional specialisation;
- (c) introducing a mechanism with dynamic jurisdiction for issuance of directions by dispute resolution panel.
Section 144C (14C):
The Central Government may, for the purpose of giving effect to the scheme made under sub-section (14B), by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that any of the provisions of this Act shall not apply or shall apply with such exceptions, modifications and adaptations as may be specified in the notification:
Provided that no direction shall be issued after the 31st day of March, 2024.
[Proviso in sub-section (14C) of section 144C amended (substituted) w.e.f. 1-April-2022 by the Finance Act 2022]
Section 144C (14D):
Every notification issued under sub-section (14B) and sub-section (14C) shall, as soon as may be after the notification is issued, be laid before each House of Parliament.
[Sub-sections (14B), (14C) and (14D) of section 144C was inserted w.e.f. 01.11.2020 by the Taxation and Other Laws (Relaxation and Amendment of Certain Provisions) Act, 2020]
Section 144C (15):
For the purposes of this section,—
(a) “Dispute Resolution Panel” means a collegium comprising of three Principal Commissioners or Commissioners of Income-tax constituted by the Board for this purpose;
(b) “eligible assessee” means,—
- (i) any person in whose case the variation referred to in sub-section (1) arises as a consequence of the order of the Transfer Pricing Officer passed under sub-section (3) of section 92CA; and
- (ii) any non-resident not being a company, or any foreign company.
[Sub-clause (ii) of clause (b) of sub-section (15) of section 144C was substituted w.e.f. 01.04.2020 by the Finance Act 2020.]